The term "retrotransposon" refers to a type of genetic element found within the DNA of eukaryotic organisms. These elements are capable of copying themselves to new locations within the genome, a process facilitated by an RNA intermediate. This method of replication is similar to the life cycle of retroviruses, which also use their RNA as a template to synthesize DNA through reverse transcription. Retrotransposons are significant contributors to genetic variation and evolution, as their movement can lead to mutations and changes in the genetic structure of an organism. They are classified into two main types: long terminal repeats (LTRs) and non-long terminal repeats (non-LTRs), each with distinct mechanisms of transposition and integration into the host genome. Understanding retrotransposons is crucial for comprehending the complexities of genetic regulation, inheritance, and the dynamic nature of genomes.

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